Growing even though nutrients are scarce - in shallow coastal regions of temperate and tropical seas, seagrass faces precisely this challenge. For most of the year, there is no nitrogen in a form that the aquatic plant can utilize. Only elemental nitrogen is abundant in the sea, but seagrass cannot absorb it. Until now, it was therefore assumed that bacteria in the environment convert this nitrogen and thus provide nutrients for the neighboring plant.
Electrical appliances contain many valuable raw materials - but these are often lost at the end of the product cycle: The proportion of recycled raw materials in total production was 40% in Germany in 2016. In the "Circular by Design" project, researchers have now identified optimization opportunities using refrigerators and freezers as an example. The large-scale trial was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research with around 800,000 euros.
Elastomers make up a large proportion of plastics. Although some of them are based on natural rubber, there is still potential for optimizing the raw materials in terms of sustainability. The Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF now wants to exploit this potential by developing new formulations. In addition to biobased raw materials, residual materials are also to be used. Both replace materials that were previously produced from petroleum.
The National Research Data Infrastructure for Microbiota Research (NFDI4Microbiota) aims to structure microbiology data and thus make it more accessible. This is intended to help research teams leverage the data and organize their own data so that it is accessible to other research groups. The project, which is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) to an annual tune of 85 million euros, aims to support up to 30 consortia over five years to pave the way for better data management nationwide.
For researchers, plant characteristics such as growth height, seed size, photosynthetic performance or flower color are crucial factors in finding out how plants adapt to their environment or how they can respond to future climatic changes. However, it it is not only the appearance of a plant that is crucial for its development, but also the invisible part - the root system. So what does the appearance of the plant reveal about the roots? Is there a connection between the upper and lower features?
Contributing to the idea of a circular bioeconomy, the Hamburg-based start-up traceless materials has developed a bio-based material that leaves no trace in the environment but is compostable and can therefore be disposed of in organic waste. The young company is now receiving a grant of 2.4 million euros from the European Innovation Council (EIC) to further develop its technology.
About four kilograms of microplastics per person enter the environment every year in Germany as a result of washing synthetic fibers. The tiny particles then enter waterways via wastewater, where they are ingested by fish. However, some aquatic animals have a filter system in their gills that separates food particles from the water and thus also filters out microplastics.
Every package is a raw material depot. That is the philosophy of the Cologne-based start-up PAPACKS. Since 2013, the company has been producing environmentally friendly packaging that complies with the principle of the circular economy. Fresh and recycled fibers from paper processing residues are used, which are utilized for customized packaging with the help of a special fiber molding process.
From heat stress to cold snaps: plants are often very sensitive to rapid weather changes, causing crop losses in agriculture. To meet the challenges of climate change, it is important to understand the mechanisms by which plants respond to their ambient temperature. Philip Wigge is working on the temperature perception of plants in a project that was recently awarded the prestigious ERC Advanced Grant.
The new Phytotechnikum at the University of Hohenheim addresses climate research and bioeconomics: Computer-controlled climate control and automatic irrigation, fine regulation for light intensity, humidity and temperature as well as variable lighting technology enable the Stuttgart researchers to work more flexibly in a wide range of fields. Climate change, biodiversity, world nutrition, bioenergy, renewable raw materials and plant health are topics that can be studied in the glass high-tech greenhouse on a wide variety of plants, including exotic ones.