In future there will be an increasing need to replace chemical products that are based on fossil fuels by commodities that stem from renewable biomass resources. From these considerations, it is conceivable and likely that future energy supply and chemical ground components will largely depend on biologically produced matter. Such natural resources are dependent on photosynthesis performed by plants and some bacteria. Understanding photosynthetic biomass production in its depth and complexity is certainly a key question of plant science. Plant biology and biotechnology will therefore have a major impact in solving the outlined tasks in respect to renewable biological supplies. The Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology (IBBP) at the Department of Biology at the University of Münster, Germany, has focused its research on these tasks addressing questions of plant growth responses in regard to abiotic and biotic stressors and production of biofuels and renewable commodities.