The textile industry is one of the largest industries worldwide. It causes a considerable ecological footprint through water pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. In view of these challenges, research teams are working on innovations and more environmentally friendly production alternatives. One example is BioFibreLoop, a European project that aims to establish innovative, bio-based fibre sources and a reliable lignin supply chain. The project involves 13 partners from nine countries, including the German Institute for Textile and Fibre Research Denkendorf (DITF) and the Steinbeis Europa Centre.

Lignin fibres spun with cellulose

The aim of BioFibreLoop is to use 20% bio-based textile fibres in industry. The project has come closer to achieving this goal thanks to a technical development by DITF: for the first time, fibres made from lignin have been spun in combination with cellulose. However, a key challenge here is the procurement of suitable lignin, as unlike cellulose, it is not a standardised raw material. In addition, current market changes are making supply difficult. Many smaller suppliers are no longer active, while larger ones often do not deliver the required quality. The DITF has therefore analysed potential suppliers and tested whether the material is suitable for thermoplastic spinning and coatings. The establishment of new wood refineries in Europe could enable a more stable supply in the future.

Circular textile industry in Europe

According to the researchers, establishing a stable lignin supply chain is not only relevant for BioFibreLoop, but also opens up opportunities for lignin producers to tap into a reliable sales market through the textile sector. A growing supply, supported by political measures in favour of bio-based materials, could, according to the researchers, contribute to the establishment of resilient and circular supply networks in the European textile industry. ‘Our promising research results on the use of lignin in textile products, together with the enormous market potential, will further drive the establishment of biorefineries for suitable lignin variants in Europe,’ says Thomas Stegmaier, Technical Coordinator at DITF.